Representasi Simbol Satanisme Dalam Film Dokumenter "Hail Satan?" (2019). (The Representation of Satanic Symbols in the Documentary Film “Hail Satan?” (2019)).

Ramadhan, Handy Royan (2025) Representasi Simbol Satanisme Dalam Film Dokumenter "Hail Satan?" (2019). (The Representation of Satanic Symbols in the Documentary Film “Hail Satan?” (2019)). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the representation of Satanism symbols in the documentary film “Hail Satan?” using Roland Barthes' semiotic theory. Satanic symbols such as Baphomet, the inverted pentagram, the number 666, and other iconography that have been associated with negative meanings are analyzed through Barthes' three layers of meaning, namely denotation, connotation, and myth. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with semiotic analysis to uncover how literal, cultural, and ideological meanings are constructed in eight key scenes in the documentary film. At the denotation stage, satanic symbols are visually presented through statues, graphics, and ritual attributes that refer to literal meanings identical to Satanism. The connotation stage then reveals that these symbols are reinterpreted by The Satanic Temple (TST) as expressions of human values, such as empathy, equality, religious freedom, and criticism of the hegemony of dominant religions. The myth stage shows how these new meanings seek to dismantle old interpretations and form a new myth that asserts that moral values and social justice do not necessarily originate from dominant religious institutions. The results of this study show that the symbol of Satanism in the documentary film “Hail Satan?” undergoes a significant transformation of meaning, where a symbol that has been negatively stigmatized is transformed into a symbol of struggle, social criticism, and defense of marginalized groups. This documentary film directs or introduces Satanism as a belief system (ism) that has values of goodness within it, where it does not portray Satanism in a literal form such as worshiping Satan or ritual practices, but rather as a belief system that emphasizes freedom of thought, empathy, and criticism of the dominance of dominant religious values. Thus, the film does not merely portray the image of Satanism but also serves as a counter-narrative challenging normative boundaries and representing values of pluralism, inclusivity, and critical thinking.

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