Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Putaran Spindel Dan Kedalaman Pemakanan Terhadap Umur Pahat Insert Pada Proses Bubut Konvensional Baja SCM 440 Dengan Sistem Pendinginan Vortex Tube. (Experimental Study on the Effect of Spindle Speed and Depth of Cut Variations on the Tool Life of Carbide Inserts in The Conventional Turning of SCM 440 Steel Using a Vortex Tube Cooling System).

Adawi, Dewa Al (2026) Studi Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Putaran Spindel Dan Kedalaman Pemakanan Terhadap Umur Pahat Insert Pada Proses Bubut Konvensional Baja SCM 440 Dengan Sistem Pendinginan Vortex Tube. (Experimental Study on the Effect of Spindle Speed and Depth of Cut Variations on the Tool Life of Carbide Inserts in The Conventional Turning of SCM 440 Steel Using a Vortex Tube Cooling System). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

The turning process of SCM 440 steel generates high cutting temperatures, which can accelerate tool wear and reduce tool life. This condition decreases machining efficiency, making an effective cooling system essential to reduce the cutting temperature. One alternative is the vortex tube cooling system, which produces cold air from compressed air without using cutting fluids, making it a more environmentally friendly cooling method. This study aims to analyze the effect of spindle speed and depth of cut on the tool life of carbide inserts during the turning process of SCM 440 steel using a vortex tube cooling system and to compare the resulting tool life with that obtained using a conventional coolant system. The research employed an experimental method with spindle speed variations of 350 rpm, 530 rpm, and 880 rpm, and depth of cut variations of 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm. The workpiece material was SCM 440 steel, while the cutting tool used was a CNMG 120412 Steel Medium carbide insert. Tool life was determined based on flank wear (VB) and the actual tool life (Ta). The results showed that increasing spindle speed and depth of cut tended to reduce tool life. The longest tool life was obtained at a spindle speed of 530 rpm and a depth of cut of 2 mm, reaching 16.96 minutes, whereas the shortest tool life was obtained at a spindle speed of 880 rpm and a depth of cut of 4 mm, reaching 5.24 minutes. Furthermore, the comparison results indicated that the vortex tube cooling system produced an average tool life of 16.96 minutes, which was higher than that of the conventional coolant system (15.49 minutes) under the cutting condition of 530 rpm spindle speed and 2 mm depth of cut. Therefore, the vortex tube cooling system proved to be more effective than the conventional coolant system in extending carbide insert tool life and has the potential to serve as a more environmentally friendly cooling alternative for the turning process of SCM 440 steel.

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