Pengangkatan Pejabat Kepala Daerah dari Anggota TNI Aktif Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri dalam Negeri Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Penjabat Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota. (Appointment of Regional Head Officials from Active TNI Members Based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 4 of 2023 concerning Acting Governors, Regents, and Mayors).

Nisa, Ganis Khoirun (2024) Pengangkatan Pejabat Kepala Daerah dari Anggota TNI Aktif Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri dalam Negeri Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 tentang Penjabat Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota. (Appointment of Regional Head Officials from Active TNI Members Based on the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 4 of 2023 concerning Acting Governors, Regents, and Mayors). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI secara tegas melarang prajurit aktif menduduki jabatan sipil kecuali setelah mengundurkan diri dari dinas militer. Ketentuan ini bertujuan menjaga profesionalisme TNI, memastikan netralitasnya, dan memisahkan peran militer dari urusan sipil. Namun, pengangkatan anggota TNI aktif sebagai penjabat kepala daerah, sebagaimana diatur dalam Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 Pasal 3 Ayat (b), menjadi kontroversial karena dinilai bertentangan dengan Pasal 47 Ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004. Hal ini memunculkan konflik dari sisi legalitas maupun prinsip demokrasi dan menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kesesuaian kebijakan ini dengan sistem hukum nasional. Pengangkatan anggota TNI aktif sebagai penjabat kepala daerah juga dinilai berpotensi melanggar prinsip supremasi sipil, yang merupakan salah satu pilar utama demokrasi. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini merumuskan dua masalah utama, yaitu bagaimana pengaturan pengangkatan penjabat kepala daerah menurut Keputusan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 4 Tahun 2023 serta apa akibat hukum dari pengangkatan anggota TNI aktif sebagai penjabat kepala daerah terkait dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 34 Tahun 2004 tentang TNI. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Hasil pembahasan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengangkatan anggota TNI aktif sebagai penjabat kepala daerah berpotensi melanggar prinsip supremasi sipil dan menciptakan ketidakpastian hukum akibat pertentangan antara peraturan menteri dan undang-undang yang lebih tinggi. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah perlu memastikan bahwa proses pengangkatan penjabat kepala daerah dilakukan sesuai dengan prinsip demokrasi, transparansi, dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku, guna menjaga akuntabilitas, netralitas, dan supremasi sipil dalam sistem pemerintahan.

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