Analisis Pengaruh PWHT Terhadap Sifat Kekerasan dan Struktur Mikro Baja S45C pada Hasil Pengelasan SMAW Dengan Variasi Waktu Tahan dan Media Pendingin. (Analysis of The Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on Hardness Properties and Microstructure of S45c Steel in SMAW Welding With Varying Holding Time and Cooling Media).

Maulana, Aldifa Gita (2023) Analisis Pengaruh PWHT Terhadap Sifat Kekerasan dan Struktur Mikro Baja S45C pada Hasil Pengelasan SMAW Dengan Variasi Waktu Tahan dan Media Pendingin. (Analysis of The Effect of Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on Hardness Properties and Microstructure of S45c Steel in SMAW Welding With Varying Holding Time and Cooling Media). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Welding is a process of joining two metal pieces to the point of metal recrystallization,using either filler material or not, and employing heat energy to melt the welded material. It is widely known that welding process always induces residual stresses inmaterials due to the applied heat, resulting in what is known as residual stress. The presence of residual stress in materials causes them to become hard and brittle, necessitating a method to eliminate the generated residual stress and to improve the microstructure, such as Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT). The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of varying PWHT holding timesand cooling media on the microstructure of SMAW-welded S45C steel. Three differentholding times (20, 40, and 60 minutes) and three cooling media (air, oil, and salt solution) were employed. The mechanical properties, particularly the toughness of the welded S45C steel, were evaluated. The hardness test using the Rockwell hardnesstest and microstructure examination were conducted. The results of the hardness test revealed variations in hardness values among the different test conditions. The highest average hardness values were obtained from the60-minute holding time with salt solution as the cooling medium, measuring 123.77 HRB in the base metal, 123.27 HRB in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ), and 101 HRB in the weld metal. Conversely, the lowest average hardness values were observed with a 20-minute holding time using air as the cooling medium, measuring 99.1 HRB in the base metal, 99.03 HRB in the HAZ, and 84 HRB in the weld metal. Furthermore, the microstructure analysis indicated that longer holding times with each cooling medium tended to increase the perlite phase, while shorter holding times tended to increase the ferrite phase. A higher percentage of perlite phase led to brittleness in the specimens, whereas a higher percentage of ferrite phase resulted in ductility. Keywords: Hardness properties, Microstructure, PWHT, S45C steel SMAW.

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