Analisa Pengaruh Diameter Sudu,Sudut Sudu,Sudut Sudu Pengarah Dan Debit Air Terhadap Peforma Turbin Kaplan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). (Analysis of the Effect of Blade Diameter, Blade Angle, Guide Blade Angle, and Water Flow on the Performance of Kaplan Turbines in Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP)).

Romadhon, Rido Wahyu and Dewangga, Erlangga Putra (2026) Analisa Pengaruh Diameter Sudu,Sudut Sudu,Sudut Sudu Pengarah Dan Debit Air Terhadap Peforma Turbin Kaplan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). (Analysis of the Effect of Blade Diameter, Blade Angle, Guide Blade Angle, and Water Flow on the Performance of Kaplan Turbines in Micro Hydro Power Plants (MHPP)). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Microhydropower plants (MHP) are an alternative renewable energy source suitable for areas with limited access to electricity. Kaplan turbines are selected due to their ability to operate effectively under high flow rates and low head conditions. This study aims to analyze the effects of variations in blade diameter, blade angle, guide vane angle, and water discharge on the performance of a laboratory-scale Kaplan turbine. The tested variations include blade diameters of 20, 22, and 24 cm; blade angles of 15°, 30°, and 45°; guide vane angles of 45°, 60°, and 75°; and water discharge based on valve openings of 1/2, 3/4, and fully open. The observed parameters include turbine rotational speed, and turbine performance. This study aims to analyze the effects of blade diameter, blade angle, guide vane angle, and valve opening on the performance of a Kaplan turbine used in a Micro Hydropower Plant (MHP). The research was conducted experimentally using blade diameters of 20 cm, 22 cm, and 24 cm; blade angles of 15°, 30°, and 45°; guide vane angles of 45°, 60°, and 75°; and valve openings of 1/2, 3/4, and fully open. The observed parameters included force, torque, angular velocity, water power, turbine power, and turbine efficiency. The results showed that blade diameter, blade angle, guide vane angle, and valve opening significantly affected the efficiency of the Kaplan turbine. The lowest efficiency, 6%, was obtained at a blade diameter of 20 cm, a blade angle of 15°, a guide vane angle of 60°, and a 1/2 valve opening, producing a turbine power output of 1.2 W. In contrast, the highest efficiency, 24%, was achieved at a blade diameter of 22 cm, a blade angle of 45°, a guide vane angle of 75°, and a fully open valve, generating a turbine power output of 10 W. In general, increasing the guide vane angle and valve opening tended to improve turbine efficiency due to the higher water discharge entering the runner and the more optimal direction of water flow. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the optimum configuration for achieving the best Kaplan turbine performance is a 22 cm blade diameter, 45° blade angle, 75° guide vane angle, and fully open valve, resulting in a maximum efficiency of 24%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Undergraduate)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Kaplan turbine, micro hydropower plant, blade diameter, blade angle, guide vane angle, turbine efficiency.
Subjects:	T Technology > TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknik > Program Studi Teknik Mesin
Depositing User:	1422200019 Rido Wahyu Romadhon
Date Deposited:	24 Aug 2026 04:50
Last Modified:	24 Aug 2026 04:50
URI:	http://repository.untag-sby.ac.id/id/eprint/47775

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