Pelindungan Hukum bagi Tersangka atas Penyitaan oleh Penyidik. (Legal Protection for Suspects Against Seizure by Investigators).

Illahi, A An Muzzamil Nur (2025) Pelindungan Hukum bagi Tersangka atas Penyitaan oleh Penyidik. (Legal Protection for Suspects Against Seizure by Investigators). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Penyitaan terhadap benda yang diduga digunakan sebagai sarana, hasil, atau alat tindak pidana merupakan salah satu kewenangan penting penyidik dalam proses penegakan hukum. Namun, pelaksanaan kewenangan tersebut sering kali menimbulkan permasalahan terkait pelindungan hak-hak tersangka, terutama menyangkut jaminan atas kepemilikan harta benda, kepastian hukum, serta pencegahan tindakan sewenang-wenang aparat penegak hukum. Pelindungan hukum bagi tersangka dalam proses penyidikan merupakan aspek fundamental dalam sistem peradilan pidana yang menjunjung tinggi prinsip negara hukum sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1 ayat (3) UUD 1945. Salah satu tindakan yang paling berpotensi menimbulkan pelanggaran hak tersangka adalah penyitaan benda yang diduga berkaitan dengan tindak pidana. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis legalitas tindakan penyitaan oleh penyidik terhadap benda yang masih dalam tahap dugaan hasil tindak pidana dan bentuk pelindungan hukum yang seharusnya diberikan kepada tersangka. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif (Normatif Legal Research) dengan Pendekatan Perundang-Undangan (Statue Approach) dan Pendekatan Konseptual (Conceptual Approach). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyitaan hanya sah apabila memenuhi syarat formal dan materiil, dilakukan berdasarkan kewenangan yang sah, disertai berita acara penyitaan, serta memberikan hak bagi tersangka untuk mengetahui, mengajukan keberatan, dan mendapatkan pelindungan hukum apabila terjadi pelanggaran prosedur. Pelindungan hukum terhadap tersangka dapat diperkuat melalui penerapan prinsip proses hukum, transparansi, dan akses terhadap mekanisme persetujuan atas penyerahan barang bukti. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perbaikan regulasi dan pelatihan aparat penegak hukum agar penyitaan berlangsung secara adil dan tidak merugikan hak-hak tersangka dalam proses pidana pidana.

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