Rancang Bangun Mesin Pencetak Batu Bata Interlock Berbahan Plastik HDPE. (Design And Construction of Interlock Brick Making Machine Made from HDPE Plastic).

Adzikra, Muhammad Ilham (2025) Rancang Bangun Mesin Pencetak Batu Bata Interlock Berbahan Plastik HDPE. (Design And Construction of Interlock Brick Making Machine Made from HDPE Plastic). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Plastic waste has become a global problem, particularly in Indonesia, where increasing plastic consumption has led to environmental pollution on land and in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, effective utilization and management of plastic waste are required, one of which is converting it into interlocking bricks. Interlocking bricks have a system that allows them to lock together without the use of cement. In the manufacturing process of interlocking bricks, a machine can be designed to process plastic waste starting from the shredding of HDPE plastic bottles to the molding of interlocking bricks. Based on this background, this study discusses the design and construction of an interlocking brick molding machine made from HDPE plastic, with the objectives of designing the machine, calculating standard machine elements, and evaluating the actual machine elements used. The dimensions of the produced interlocking brick are 250 mm in length, 120 mm in width, and 100 mm in height, with a volume of 30,000,000 mm³. The plastic material used is obtained from 1.5-liter bottles with a surface area of 82,938.1 mm². A total of 37 bottles are required, with an estimated weight of 2.25 kg. The heating time is 604.45 seconds, while the shredding time is 295.5 seconds. The shaft diameter is 25.61 mm, the motor power is 908.57 W with a speed of 1350 rpm. The driving pulley diameter is 56.58 mm, and the driven pulley diameter is 402.07 mm. Based on the minimum calculated values of the machine elements, the selected machine specifications include a 1500 W motor, a shaft made of AISI 1340 steel with a diameter of 30 mm, a 3-inch (76.2 mm) driving pulley, a 16-inch (406.6 mm) driven pulley, a 100 mm diameter cutting blade made of SKD 11 steel, and bearing type 306. The motor speed is 1440 rpm, while the machine operating speed is 190 rpm. From the actual machine element calculations, the machine speed obtained is 270 rpm. The maximum belt force is 541.48 N, the maximum stress is 10.469 N/mm², and the belt length is 1757.7 mm. The cutting force of the blade is 8643.3 N, with a torque of 432.16 Nm and a power of 12,217.16 W. The shaft experiences a friction force of 113.8 N, a torque of 39,810 N·mm, and a maximum stress of 12.94 N/mm². Bearing type 306 is estimated to have a service life of 6,623 hours. Finally, machine testing was conducted to evaluate the quality of the produced interlocking bricks.

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