Peningkatan Pengendalian Kualitas sebagai Upaya Meminimalkan Produk Cacat pada Kayu Ekspor

Febianti, Eka Ayu Nur Febianti (2026) Peningkatan Pengendalian Kualitas sebagai Upaya Meminimalkan Produk Cacat pada Kayu Ekspor. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Industri kayu ekspor menuntut standar kualitas tinggi karena cacat sekecil apa pun dapat menurunkan nilai jual produk. PT. XYZ masih mengalami tingkat kecacatan di atas batas toleransi 10% sehingga diperlukan sistem pengendalian kualitas yang lebih komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab utama cacat serta memberikan usulan perbaikan untuk menurunkan tingkat kecacatan. Metode yang digunakan meliputi Statistical Process Control (SPC) untuk menentukan jenis cacat dominan, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)memprioritaskan risiko melalui nilai RPN, serta Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) dan 5W+1H sebagai langkah perbaikan sistematis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cacat dominan meliputi retak,berongga, ketebalan tidak sesuai, dan melengkung, yang dipengaruhi ketidakstabilan kiln, pisau moulder tumpul, tekanan press tidak seragam, dan variasi kadar air kayu. Implementasi perbaikan berbasis PDCA menurunkan cacat finger laminating dari 15,29% menjadi 10,05% dan decking dari 16,66% menjadi 10,03%. Cacat tidak bisa dihilangkan sepenuhnya, akan tetapi dapat diminimalkan sehingga jumlahnya berada dalam batas kendali. Dengan menurunkan cacat tersebut, perusahaan dapat memenuhi permintaan serta mengurangi biaya pengerjaan ulang (rework) yang tinggi dan proses produksi untuk batch berikutnya berjalan lebih stabil.

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