Pembagian Kewenangan Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Dalam Perspektif Otonomi Daerah. (Division of Authority for Coastal Area Management From a Regional Autonomy Perspective).

Pratama, Ricko (2025) Pembagian Kewenangan Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir Dalam Perspektif Otonomi Daerah. (Division of Authority for Coastal Area Management From a Regional Autonomy Perspective). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

This study examines the regulatory framework and dynamics of the distribution of authority over coastal management in Indonesia by analyzing the provisions of Law Number 23 of 2014 on Regional Government and its relevance to the principle of regional autonomy as stipulated in Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The study is conducted because the changes introduced by Law 23/2014 have withdrawn the authority of regencies/municipalities over coastal and marine areas authority that had previously been more broadly granted under Law 22/1999 and Law 32/2004 thereby generating various practical problems. The transfer of authority to provincial governments for up to 12 nautical miles has resulted in overlapping jurisdictions, legal uncertainty, weak central–regional coordination, and institutional unpreparedness at the provincial level. These conditions hinder the effectiveness of coastal management, as evidenced by the suspension of regional programs, weak monitoring, and increasing environmental violations. Normatively, Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution mandates broad, genuine, and responsible regional autonomy. However, the findings indicate a discrepancy between constitutional mandates and policy implementation, primarily due to recentralization tendencies reflected in Article 14 and Article 27 of Law 23/2014, which constrain regional innovation and disregard the principle of subsidiarity. Furthermore, regulatory inconsistencies between Law 23/2014 and Law 27/2007 in conjunction with Law 1/2014 have caused dual authority in licensing, supervision, and the formulation of coastal zoning plans. The misalignment between national and regional policies, in addition to limited public participation, further exacerbates coastal governance issues. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. The findings emphasize the need for regulatory harmonization, strengthening of regional institutions, and a decentralization design that aligns with the spirit of Article 18 of the 1945 Constitution to ensure that coastal management is carried out effectively, sustainably, and equitably for coastal communities.

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