Analisis Kebutuhan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Optimal dan Penilaian Beban Kerja Fisik guna Memenuhi Permintaan di UD. XYZ

Wibawa, Fauzan Nasik Abdullah (2026) Analisis Kebutuhan Jumlah Tenaga Kerja Optimal dan Penilaian Beban Kerja Fisik guna Memenuhi Permintaan di UD. XYZ. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

UD. XYZ merupakan industri rumahan yang bergerak dalam produksi kerupuk puli, di mana proses produksinya melibatkan 5 stasiun kerja utama: peracikanpenggilingan, perebusan, pendinginan, pemotongan, serta penjemuran–pengemasan. Dalam operasionalnya, perusahaan menghadapi sejumlah permasalahan seperti ketidakseimbangan beban kerja fisik antar stasiun, belum tersedianya waktu standar sebagai pedoman penyelesaian pekerjaan, serta ketidaktepatan jumlah tenaga kerja yang menyebabkan ketidakmampuan perusahaan memenuhi permintaan pada periode tertentu. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis beban kerja fisik pekerja menggunakan metode Cardiovascular Load (CVL), menetapkan waktu standar melalui stopwatch time study mencakup uji keseragaman data, kecukupan data, performance rating, dan allowance, serta menentukan jumlah tenaga kerja optimal dengan metode Workload Analysis (WLA) dan perencanaan kapasitas berdasarkan kebutuhan produksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengukuran denyut nadi pekerja, observasi waktu siklus pada setiap proses, serta dokumentasi alur produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 4 pekerja memiliki nilai % CVL di atas 30%, sehingga memerlukan penyesuaian beban kerja. Waktu standar keseluruhan proses produksi diperoleh sebesar 1464,55 detik atau 24,41 menit per unit produk. Perhitungan WLA menunjukkan kebutuhan 8 tenaga kerja tanpa lembur, sedangkan perencanaan kapasitas menghasilkan kebutuhan 6 tenaga kerja dengan tambahan lembur pada proses penggilingan dan perebusan serta total biaya yang lebih rendah, yaitu Rp 17.987.174. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, opsi perencanaan kapasitas dinilai lebih efisien dalam pemenuhan permintaan dan pengendalian biaya tenaga kerja.

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