Perjanjian Baku Yang Diatur Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Pada Pinjaman Online. (Standard Agreements Regulated by the Financial Services Authority on Online Loans).

Danova, Muhamad Secha Aulia (2025) Perjanjian Baku Yang Diatur Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Pada Pinjaman Online. (Standard Agreements Regulated by the Financial Services Authority on Online Loans). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Perkembangan pesat layanan pinjaman online (pinjol) sebagai bagian dari inovasi fintech di Indonesia membawa kemudahan akses pembiayaan bagi masyarakat. Fenomena ini juga menimbulkan tantangan hukum serius, terutama terkait penggunaan perjanjian baku yang memuat klausula sepihak yang seringkali merugikan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji regulasi Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) terhadap perjanjian baku, khususnya klausula jatuh tempo dan kenaikan bunga sepihak dalam pinjol, serta menilai perlindungan hukum bagi konsumen berdasarkan asas keseimbangan dan prinsip itikad baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, mengkaji regulasi seperti POJK No. 77/2016, SEOJK No. 13/2014, serta Undang- Undang Perlindungan Konsumen No. 8 Tahun 1999. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa meskipun regulasi telah mengatur perlindungan terhadap konsumen, pelaksanaannya belum optimal karena masih ditemukan klausula yang tidak sesuai asas kepatutan dan transparansi. Kelemahan pengawasan dan rendahnya literasi hukum konsumen memperparah ketimpangan relasi kontraktual. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen pinjaman online memerlukan penguatan pengawasan oleh OJK, peninjauan klausula baku secara ketat, serta edukasi hukum kepada masyarakat guna menyeimbangkan posisi hukum antara pelaku usaha dan konsumen dalam transaksi digital.

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