Pengaruh Fraksi Volume dan Waktu Perendaman Alkali Serat Nanas dan Serat Sabut Kelapa sebagai Penguat dan Resin Polyester sebagai Matriks terhadap Sifat Mekanik Komposit. (The Effect of Volume Fraction and Alkali Soaking Time of Pineapple Fiber and Coconut Coir Fiber as Reinforcements and Polyester Resin as Matrix on the Mechanical Properties of Composites).

Saputra, Dhandy Arya (2025) Pengaruh Fraksi Volume dan Waktu Perendaman Alkali Serat Nanas dan Serat Sabut Kelapa sebagai Penguat dan Resin Polyester sebagai Matriks terhadap Sifat Mekanik Komposit. (The Effect of Volume Fraction and Alkali Soaking Time of Pineapple Fiber and Coconut Coir Fiber as Reinforcements and Polyester Resin as Matrix on the Mechanical Properties of Composites). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Komposit berbasis serat alami semakin banyak diteliti karena menawarkan berbagai keuntungan seperti biaya produksi yang rendah, ketersediaan bahan yang melimpah, serta dampak positif terhadap lingkungan. Hal ini menjadikannya pilihan yang menarik sebagai pengganti komposit berbasis serat sintetis yang sulit terurai secara alami. Studi ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui proporsi volume serat dan durasi perendaman alkali pada sifat mekanik komposit polyester yang diperkuat oleh serat nanas dan serat sabut kelapa. Uji tarik dilakukan untuk mengukur kekuatan tarik komposit, sedangkan uji SEM digunakan untuk mengamati struktur keterikatan antara serat dan matriks. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi serat dan durasi perendaman alkali memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kekuatan tarik komposit. Komposit dengan proporsi volume serat nanas 15% : 5% serat sabut kelapa yang direndam dalam alkali selama 6 jam menunjukkan kinerja terbaik dengan tegangan maksimum sebesar 25,55 MPa, regangan maksimum mencapai 6,28%, dan modulus elastisitas sebesar 4,08 Nm². Sementara itu, spesimen dengan proporsi volume serat nanas 10% : 10% serat sabut kelapa yang direndam selama 4 jam menunjukkan kinerja terendah dengan tegangan maksimum 13,97 MPa, regangan maksimum 5,80%, dan modulus elastisitas 2,40 Nm². Hasil uji SEM menunjukkan terjadinya fiber pull out, debonding, serta serat yang berlubang yang terlihat dari patahan hasil uji tarik.

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