Studi Kekuatan Komposit dengan Penguat Serat Kelapa dan Kertas Bekas sebagai Pengembangan Material Baru Pengganti Kayu. (Strength Study of Composite Materials Reinforced with Coconut Fiber and Wastepaper as a Development of New Wood Substitute Material).

Wanatra, Ronny Wahyu (2025) Studi Kekuatan Komposit dengan Penguat Serat Kelapa dan Kertas Bekas sebagai Pengembangan Material Baru Pengganti Kayu. (Strength Study of Composite Materials Reinforced with Coconut Fiber and Wastepaper as a Development of New Wood Substitute Material). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Indonesia is rich in natural resources (NR) with diverse forests, minerals, oil, and coal distributed across various islands. However, massive exploitation of these resources has led to environmental degradation, such as illegal logging to meet the demands of the wood industry. The increase in Indonesia's roundwood production from 57.93 million m³ in 2019 to 68.22 million m³ in 2023 indicates a rapid growth trend, while the supply of illegal wood is estimated to reach 50%–70%. Various studies have highlighted the potential use of waste paper, coconut coir fiber, and other natural materials as alternatives to wood. These materials are not only environmentally friendly but can also enhance the mechanical properties of composites, such as tensile and bending strength. To reduce dependency on wood, this research analyzes the tensile strength, bending strength, and SEM test results of a composite material developed as a wood substitute, using coconut fiber and waste paper as reinforcements and white wood glue as the matrix. The variations in the weight fraction of coconut fiber are 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3%, while the variations for waste paper are 39%, 38.5%, 38%, 37.5%, and 37%, with a total reinforcement weight of 40%. The study also includes variations in coconut fiber lengths: 3, 8, 13, and 18 cm. This research is expected to replace wood in various industrial applications, reduce deforestation, and provide economic benefits through waste utilization. The results of this study show that the highest tensile strength was achieved with a fiber length of 8 cm and a fiber weight fraction of 3%, reaching a tensile stress of 14.66 MPa. The lowest tensile strength occurred at a fiber length of 13 cm with a fiber weight fraction of 1.5%, resulting in a tensile stress of 8.77 MPa. For bending tests, the highest bending stress was observed at a fiber length of 3 cm and a fiber weight fraction of 1%, with a value of 38.85 MPa, while the lowest bending stress occurred at a fiber length of 13 cm and a fiber weight fraction of 3%, with a value of 19.22 MPa.

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