Studi Kekuatan Komposit dengan Penguat Serat Kelapa dan Kertas Putih Bekas

Aji, Maulana Aditya Wahyu Purnama (2025) Studi Kekuatan Komposit dengan Penguat Serat Kelapa dan Kertas Putih Bekas. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Limbah kertas bekas dan serat kelapa yang menumpuk pada lingkungan sekitar yang tidak diolah secara baik dapat memberikan dampak negatif. Hal ini dapat dicegah dengan mengolah limbah kertas tersebut menjadi bahan alternatif pengganti kayu pada dunia industri. Pada penelitian kali ini bahan yang digunakan limbah kertas bekas dan serat kelapa sebagai penguat dan lem kayu putih sebagai matriks. Proses pembuatan komposit diawali dengan penyiapan kertas bekas yang dipotong kecil, dicampur air (1:1), dan diblender hingga menjadi adonan bubur (mamel) dengan kecepatan 209,6 rpm. Serat kelapa disisir, diluruskan, dan dipotong sesuai ukuran (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 cm) dengan fraksi berat 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%. Bubur kertas kemudian dicampur dengan lem kayu putih dengan fraksi berat 35%, selanjutnya serat kelapa ditambahkan ke campuran berdasarkan fraksi berat yang telah ditentukan, diaduk dengan kecepatan 47,8 rpm. Campuran ini dituangkan ke cetakan kayu sesuai standar ASTM dengan pengujian uji tarik, uji bending, dan uji SEM. Dari penelitian diperoleh tegangan tarik tertinggi 12,32 Mpa dengan variasi panjang serat 9 cm dan fraksi berat 20%, untuk tegangan bending tertinggi 72,6 Mpa dengan variasi panjang serat 1 cm dan fraksi berat 10%. Jadi dari data penelitian bahwa serat kelapa dan kertas putih bekas bisa dijadikan material komposit alternatif pengganti kayu.

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