Peran Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Dalam Melindungi Hak Demonstran Dari Kekerasan Polisi. (The Role of Legal Aid Institutions in Protecting the Rights of Demonstrators from Police Violence).

Anisa, Putri (2024) Peran Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Dalam Melindungi Hak Demonstran Dari Kekerasan Polisi. (The Role of Legal Aid Institutions in Protecting the Rights of Demonstrators from Police Violence). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran Lembaga Bantuan Hukum (LBH) dalam melindungi hak demonstran dari kekerasan polisi di Kota Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis empiris, yang menganalisis regulasi yang mengatur kebebasan berekspresi dan perlindungan hak demonstran serta menilai efektivitas implementasinya. Fokus penelitian ini adalah peran LBH sebagai advokat hak asasi manusia, yang memberikan bantuan hukum, melakukan advokasi kebijakan, serta mendokumentasikan pelanggaran hak yang terjadi selama demonstrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LBH berperan penting dalam memastikan keadilan bagi korban kekerasan polisi, namun menghadapi berbagai tantangan seperti intimidasi terhadap aktivis, lemahnya penegakan hukum, dan keterbatasan sumber daya. Penelitian ini berlandaskan pada beberapa peraturan hukum yang relevan, seperti Pasal 28E ayat (3) UUD 1945 yang menjamin kebebasan berserikat, berkumpul, dan berpendapat. Selain itu, Undang-Undang Nomor 9 Tahun 1998, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999, serta Peraturan Kapolri Nomor 7 Tahun 2012 menjadi dasar hukum yang mengatur kebebasan menyampaikan pendapat di muka umum. Penelitian ini juga merujuk pada Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2011 yang menegaskan hak masyarakat untuk mendapatkan bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma, serta beberapa peraturan lainnya yang mendukung perlindungan hak asasi manusia.Selain itu, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi perlindungan hukum terhadap demonstran, antara lain lemahnya regulasi yang ada, pengawasan yang tidak memadai terhadap aparat, serta rendahnya keberanian masyarakat untuk melaporkan pelanggaran akibat intimidasi. Perlindungan hukum terhadap demonstran yang menjadi korban kekerasan polisi masih belum optimal, sehingga diperlukan penguatan regulasi yang menjamin kebebasan berekspresi, peningkatan dukungan bagi LBH, serta reformasi dalam institusi kepolisian untuk mengurangi kekerasan yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan kebijakan perlindungan hak demonstran serta memperkuat supremasi hukum di Indonesia.

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