ANALISIS PENGARUH SUHU PWHT NORMALIZING TERHADAP NILAI KEKERASAN DAN KEKUATAN IMPAK PIPA BAJA KARBON ASTM A106 GRADE B PASCA PENGELASAN SMAW

Ash-Shiddiqy, Ahmad Yafi (2024) ANALISIS PENGARUH SUHU PWHT NORMALIZING TERHADAP NILAI KEKERASAN DAN KEKUATAN IMPAK PIPA BAJA KARBON ASTM A106 GRADE B PASCA PENGELASAN SMAW. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Pengelasan adalah proses manufaktur yang menggabungkan dua bagian atau lebih dengan menggunakan panas, tekanan, atau keduanya untuk membentuk sambungan saat bagian tersebut mendingin. Pengelasan biasanya digunakan untuk logam dan termoplastik, namun bisa juga digunakan untuk kayu. Sambungan las yang dihasilkan dapat disebut las. Tujuannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh perbedaan pengelasan fluks dan SMAW terhadap kekerasan dan kekuatan impak tabung baja karbon ASTM A106. Pipa baja karbon ASTM A106 dengan diameter 6" dan ketebalan 10 mm digunakan sebagai material. Pengelasan SMAW (Shield Metal Arc Welding) digunakan dalam proses pengelasan dan elektroda E7016 digunakan dalam proses pengelasan posisi pengelasan 6G dengan arus 110 Ampere dan tegangan 26 volt. Variasi pengujian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan suhu pemanasan 875°C ,900°C,925°C dan waktu tahan 20,25 dan 30 menit setiap suhu. Tahapan selanjutnya adalah pengujian kekerasan Rockwell C indentor Hard Alloy Ball dengan beban 100 Kg dan pengujian Impak Charpy dengan berat pendulum 23 Kg disudut 120°. Dari hasil penelitian uji kekerasan nilai tertinggi didapat dari variasi pengujian Suhu Pemanasan 875°C Dengan Waktu Tahan 20 Menit dengan nilai Base Metal mencapai 73,6 Kgf, Nilai HAZ mencapai 73,6 Kgf, dan nilai weld metal berada di angka 79,3 Kgf. Sedangkan nilai terendah dimiliki variasi spesimen suhu pemanasan 925°C dengan waktu tahan 25 menit dengan nilai Base Metal mencapai 56,3 Kgf, Nilai HAZ mencapai 57,5 Kgf, dan nilai weld metal berada di angka 57,1 Kgf. Selanjutnya uji impak terendah spesimen Suhu 875°C waktu tahan 20 menit menunjukkan nilai energi yang diserap 0,82 Joule/mm dan tertinggi spesimen Suhu 925°C waktu tahan 30 menit menunjukkan harga impak yang diserap 1,16 Joule/mm. Dengan perubahan variasi suhu dan waktu tahan PWHT dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi suhu yang digunakan maka nilai kekerasan semakin menurun. Demikian pula semakin lama ditahan maka kekerasannya semakin menurun. Kata kunci: SMAW, Perlakuan Panas, Baja karbon ASTM 106 Grade B

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