Analisis Pengaruh Pwht terhadap Sifat Mekanik hasil Pengelasan Smaw pada Plat Baja Karbon Rendah dengan Variasi Media Pendingin dan Waktu Tahan

Rachman, Moch Justine (2023) Analisis Pengaruh Pwht terhadap Sifat Mekanik hasil Pengelasan Smaw pada Plat Baja Karbon Rendah dengan Variasi Media Pendingin dan Waktu Tahan. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Pengelasan merupakan bagian penting dari industri teknologi manufaktur, Proses pendinginan dilakukan pada material hasil pengelasan baja ST-42 menggunakan media pendingin oli SAE-20W-50 dan Air. Proses ini berguna untuk memperbaiki sifat material dari hasil pengelasan ST-42, Proses ini mencakup pengelasan dan setelah itu dilakukan Heat Treatment menggunakan pendinginan cepat untuk mendapatkan sifat-sifat yang diinginkan yaitu Hardening, dari proses pendinginan tersebut didapatkan nilai kekuatan tarik yang berbeda-beda antara media pendingin, Menggunakan mesin las jenis SMAW (Shield Metal Arc Welding) dengan variasi arus 110A, 120A, 130A. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh variasi media pendingin dan arus pengelasan terhadap kekuatan tarik spesimen setelah dilakukannya Heat Treatment. Pengujian hasil pengelasan yang digunakan adalah dengan metode Destructive Test yaitu berupa pengujian tarik menggunakan standart JIS Z2201-1998 dan Metalografi menggunakan ASTM-E112. Hasil dari pengujian tarik dengan variasi arus 110A, 120A, dan 130 A dan media pendingin Air dan Oli SAE 20W-50 Kekuatan tarik terbesar berada di pengelasan 110A dengan media pendingin Oli yaitu dengan kekuatan tarik sebesar 62,17 kg/mm2 dan perpanjangan 14,02% , dan kekuatan tarik terendah berada di pengelasan dengan arus 120A pada media pendingin Air dengan kekuatan tarik sebesar 21,22 kg/mm2 dengan peranjangan 5,61%. Pada media pendingin Oli semakin tinggi arus pengelasan maka semakin rendah kekuatan tariknya, dan pada pengelasan media pendingin air nilai kekuatan uji tarik material tersebut kurang stabil dikarenakan Arus las makin besar dapat memperdalam penetrasi logam las dan juga memperlebar HAZ demikian sebaliknya. Arus las juga mempengaruhi dilusi atau pencampuran, semakin besar arus las maka semakin besar juga dilusi yang artinya makin banyak logian induk yang mencair, sedangkan untuk pengujian Metalografi pada baja ST42 yang dilihat menggunakan perbesaran 1500x pada daerah Base Metal dihitung menggunakan metode Hilliard Single Circle memiliki rata rata besar butir terkecil yaitu 9,4μm hal ini dapat mempengaruhi kekuatan pada material dikarenakan semakin besar butiran maka semakin kecil kekuatan pada baja.

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