Analisis Pengaruh Jenis Media Pendingin Oli dan Air Dengan Variasi Arus 110A, 120A, dan 130A Pada Pengelasan SMAW Baja ST 42. (Analysis Effect Media Cooling Types Oil and Water With SMAW Welding Current Variations of 110A, 120A, and 130A On ST-42 Steel).

Hidayat, Taufik Abdee and Ferdianto, Adi (2023) Analisis Pengaruh Jenis Media Pendingin Oli dan Air Dengan Variasi Arus 110A, 120A, dan 130A Pada Pengelasan SMAW Baja ST 42. (Analysis Effect Media Cooling Types Oil and Water With SMAW Welding Current Variations of 110A, 120A, and 130A On ST-42 Steel). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Welding is an important part of the manufacturing technology industry. The cooling process is carried out on the welded material, ST-42 steel, using the cooling media of SAE-20W-50 oil and water. This process is useful for improving the material properties of the welded ST-42 steel. The process involves welding and then performing heat treatment using rapid cooling to obtain the desired properties, namely hardening. From the cooling process, different tensile strength values are obtained depending on the cooling media used. A Shield Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) machine is used with variations in current: 110A, 120A, and 130A. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of the cooling media and welding current variations on the tensile strength of the specimens after heat treatment. Destructive testing is used for the welding results, specifically tensile testing according to the JIS Z2201-1998 standard, and metallography using ASTM-E112. The results of the tensile testing with current variations of 110A, 120A, and 130A, and cooling media of water and SAE 20W-50 oil, show that the highest tensile strength is achieved in the 110A welding with oil as the cooling media, with a tensile strength of 62.17 kg/mm2 and elongation of 14.02%. The lowest tensile strength is observed in the 120A welding with water as the cooling media, with a tensile strength of 21.22 kg/mm2 and elongation of 5.61%. In the case of oil cooling media, as the welding current increases, the tensile strength decreases. In the case of welding with water cooling media, the tensile strength values are less stable due to the fact that higher welding current can deepen the weld metal penetration and widen the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The welding current also affects dilution or mixing; the higher the welding current, the greater the dilution, meaning more parent metal melts. As for the metallography examination of ST42 steel using a magnification of 1500x in the Base Metal area, it is calculated using the Hilliard Single Circle method, and the average size of the smallest grains is 9.4μm. This can affect the material's strength because larger grains result in lower strength in steel. Keywords: ST-42 steel, Heat Treatment, Tensile strength, SMAW welding, Microstructure

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