Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Diameter Inlet Nozzel dan Sudut Sudu pada Turbin Kaplan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). (Analysis of The Effect of Variation in Inlet Nozzle Diameter and Blade Angle of Kaplan Turbine on Microhydro Electric Pwer Plant (PLTMH)).

Wijaya, Amelia Firsty Adey and Johansa, David Aksal (2023) Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Diameter Inlet Nozzel dan Sudut Sudu pada Turbin Kaplan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). (Analysis of The Effect of Variation in Inlet Nozzle Diameter and Blade Angle of Kaplan Turbine on Microhydro Electric Pwer Plant (PLTMH)). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro-Hidro (PLTMH) merupakan sumber penghasil listrik alternatif berskala kecil yang memberikan banyak keuntungan terutama bagi masyarakat di pedesaan atau pedalaman yang belum terjangkau oleh jaringan distribusi PLN. Dengan adanya energi terbarukan seperti ini, masyarakat di kawasan pedalaman akan terbantu dalam mendapat pasokan energi listrik.Tugas Akhir ini peneliti akan merancang sebuah pembangkit listrik alternatif di Kawasan Wisata Surodadu Pacet dengan memanfaatkan aliran air sungai yang sering kita temui di desa ataupun daerah pegunungan yaitu Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro yang menggunakan turbin jenis kaplan dengan dilakukan analisis diameter inlet nozzel dan sudut sudu terhadap performansi yang dihasilkan. Kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan alat, pengambilan data dan analisis. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengambilan data melalui pengujian pada inlet tersebut dengan menggunakan variasi diameter inlet nozzel dan sudut sudu sebagai parameter untuk mengetahui performansi yang dihasilkan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan beberapa variasi yaitu diameter inlet yang terdiri atas 0,5 Inci; 1 Inci; dan 1,5 Inci serta sudut sudu sebesar 40°, 50°, dan 60°. Hasil analisis didapat kesimpulan bahwa hasil performa alat mikrohidro dengan variasi diameter inlet nozzel 0,5 inci dan sudut sudu 60° menghasilkan daya output terbesar yaitu 63,1 Watt. Pada variasi diameter inlet nozzel 0,5 inci dan sudut sudu 60° menghasilkan efisiensi PLTMH terbesar yaitu 55,5% dan efisiensi Turbin terbesar 22,1%. Hal ini dikarenakan pada nilai sudut sudu 60° diameter inlet nozel 0,5 inci memancarkan air secara sempurna tepat mengenai seluruh bagian dari sudu turbin. Kondisi tersebut tentunya akan berdampak pada gaya dorong air terhadap turbin. Konklusi yang didapat yakni semakin tinggi nilai rpm yang diperoleh maka semakin tinggi pula hasil output dari generator yang didapat.

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