Urgensi Pembatasan Partai Politik dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensiil di Indonesia. (The Urgency of Restricting Political Parties in The Presidential Government System in Indonesia).

Prasetyaji, Allicia Putri (2023) Urgensi Pembatasan Partai Politik dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensiil di Indonesia. (The Urgency of Restricting Political Parties in The Presidential Government System in Indonesia). Undergraduate thesis, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya.

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Abstract

Konstitusional menyatakan bahwa sistem pemerintahan oleh bangsa Indonesia merupakan sistem pemerintahan Presidensiil, meski dalam praktik penyelenggaraannya seringkali dijumpai praktik-praktik yang merujuk kepada sistem pemerintahan parlementer. Perbedaan sistem yang demikian mengakibatkan siapapun presidennya tidak memiliki kewenangan untuk menyusun susunan kabinet secara mandiri dikarenakan harus memfasilitasi kepentingan partai politik yang terkait untuk menghindari permasalahan dengan dewan perwakilan rakyat (DPR). Praktik yang seperti itu pastinya tidak sehat dalam penerapan sistem presidensiil karena akan menghambat stabilitas pemerintahan dalam melaksanakan fungsinya, sebagai lembaga Eksekutif. Metode penelitian merupakan prosedur atau cara Peneliti dalam mengumpulkan dan menganalisis bahan hukum. Penulisan skripsi yang baik dan benar, harus menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yang baku yang sudah diakui oleh ahli hukum. Metode penulisan berisi tentang jenis penelitian yang digunakan, sumber dan jenis bahan hukum, metode pendekatan, teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dan teknik analisis bahan hukum. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan beberapa pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Urgensi pembatasan partai politik dalam sistem presidensiil adalah untuk stabilitas pemerintahan, karena secara teoritis dalam sistem pemerintahan presidensiil jumlah keefektifan jumlah partai politiknya yaitu satu sampai dua partai dikarenakan dalam sistem pemerintahan ini menganut sistem kepartaian yang sederhana, sedangkan dalam praktik pemerintahan presidensial di Indonesia menerapkan sistem multi-partai dimana hal ini bertentangan dengan dasar negara dan mempengaruhi stabilitas dari sistem presidensiil itu sendiri. Solusi yang diusulkan merupakan jalan tengah antara kombinasi sistem Presidensiil dan sistem multi-partai sederhana. Sistem multi partai yang sederhana harus didukung oleh aliansi partai yang erat, disiplin dan mengikat. Untuk menyederhanakan partai politik Indonesia, ada dua mekanisme yang bisa dilakukan secara bersamaan, yakni menaikkan ambang batas, dan memperkecil ukuran daerah pemilihan. Kata Kunci : Partai Politik, Pembatasan, Presidensiil.

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